Combination compasses and glass-cutter



(No Model.)

J. KOHLER. COMBINATION GOMPASSES AND GLASS GUTTBR. No. 546,669. PatentedSep'ty2'4, 1 895.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH KOHLER, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

COMBINATION COMPASSES AND GLASS-CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 546,669, datedSeptember 24, 1895.

' Application filed May 31,1895. Serial No. 551.150- m l- To all whom2125 may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH KOHLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and- State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a CombinationCompasses and Tram; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming part of thisspeciiication.

My invention relates to novel features in combination-tools, andparticularly in a compass and tram.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple, durable, convenient,and inexpensive combination-tool for the use of machinists and others;and it consists in simple and effective means of securing compass ortram points having on one end thereof cutter-wheels for cutting glass orglass or other tubing, leather, &c., to the free ends of compass-legsand locking such points securely in train or parallelism or in any otherdesired position, in conveniently reversing the tram-points end for end,as desired, without removing them from the compass when it is desired tocut glass, or glass or other tubing, or leather washers or rubbergaskets, with suitable devices provided for such or other purposes uponthe other ends of said points, thus making a tool which is at oncecapable of per forming all of the usual purposes of a compass and manyother purposes without detracting from its convenience or adding to itsweight, and without the added or novel features on the ends not in useinterfering with the ends in use.

My invention also consists in a novel arrangement for cutting the insideand outside of glass or other tubing simultaneously, thus producing amore even and regular finish than the old method of cutting on theinside alone; and it also consists in providing the tram-point with apivotally-mounted yoke or fork, having cutting-wheels mounted therein toreceive and hold the tubing and cut it from the outside only'inconnection with a cuttingwheel in the end of the opposite tram-point.

In the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of my improved device,showing the compass or tram points parallel with each other, properlyadjusted for cutting glass.

Fig. 2 is a view of the same, showing one tram point reversed forcutting the corresponding outside and insidesurfaces of glass or othertubing simultaneously by the cutting-knives mounted in the side of oneof the tram-points and in the pivotally-mounted yoke-support for thetube in the other tram-point. Fig. 3 is a view of the same, showing thetram-points adjusted for cutting only on the outside of the tubing. Fig.4 is a similar view showing the tram-points adjusted for cutting leatherwashers, rubber gaskets, &c. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail view showingthe locking mechanism for fastening the tram-points to the compass, thesame being made in cross-section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is anenlarged detail view of the washer interposed between the compass-legand the tram-point upon the loop-screw, showing corrugations upon oneside adapted to mesh with similar corrugations on the inside and at ornear the free end of the compass-leg for adjusting and locking thetram-point in any desired position. Fig. 7 is a detail view of thetram-points in the position shown by Fig. 3, with the tube in positionfor performing the cutting operation. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail viewof the inside of the free end of one of the compass-legs, showing thecorrugations adapted to mesh with and lock the washer in any desiredposition. Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail view of the outside of thewasher, showing a groove across its center to receive the tram-point andcountersunk transversely to said groove to form a socket to receive thehead of the loopscrew and prevent it from turning in said washer.

The compass-legs A A, which are preferably flat, are pivotally securedtogether at the top by rivet a in the usual manner. Said compass-legsare adjustably connected near their pivotal ends by a suitable quadranta, rigidly secured at one end to one of the compass-legs, and adjustablysecured to the other compass-leg by a set-screwa taking into slot at",in which it is adapted to be moved and be fastened at any desired pointin the usual manner. The inner fiat side of the free end of eachcompass-leg has corrugations a meshing with corrugations c on the innerface of a washer C, the other face of which has a groove 0' to receivethe tram- ICO LII

pointand prevent it from turning, said washer being provided with asocket c, countersunk transversely to said groove to receive loop I) andprevent loop-screw B from turning in said washer. The tram-points D Dare each secured to the compass-leg by being inserted into loop I) ofloop-screw B and passing said screw through said washer and hole a incompass-leg and fastening them together by thumb-nut B. The washer C isinterposed between the compass-leg and tram-point and provided withcorrugations on one side and a groove and socket on the other side tosecurely lock the tram-points and prevent them from turning on the axisof the loop-screw B.

The tram-points D, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 7, are provided at and near theend with suitable cutter-wheels d and d. The tram-points D, Figs. 1, 2,3, r, and 7, are provided with pivotally-mounted yoke-support E, havingcutter-wheels e mounted therein, said yoke being secured to thetram-points by screw 0. The compass or tram points D of Figs. 1, 2, 3,at, and 7 are each provided with a gasketcutter (7. upon one end.

The operation of my device is substantially as follows: Insertthetram-points into the loop-screw B and secure to compass-legs, as abovedescribed. Adjust by means of quadrant and set-screw a the compass-legsany desired distance apart and secure in that position. Then bring thecompass-points into parallelism or tram, locking them securely in thatposition by thumb-nut B. \Vhen cutting plates of glass,use theneedle-point of one tram-point and the glass-cutter in the other, asshown in Fig. 1. Having placed the point D in the center of the portionof glass to be cut, press the cutter to the glass, turning it aroundtram-point D until it describes a circle, when the work is accomplished.To cut leather washers or rubber gaskets, adjust the points as shown byFig. 4 and proceed in the same manner as above described for cuttingplates of glass into circular pieces.

To cut glass or other tubing on the inside and outside simultaneously,adjust the trampoints, as shown in Fig. 2. Place the tube overtram-point D and press yoke-support E against the tubing, at the sametime turning the tube until the entire outer and inner circumferencesthereof have been out by the cutter-wheels. This being done the work isaccomplished. If the tubing should be too small to permit the insertionof train-point D, the cutting may be done from the outside by arrangingthe tram-points and cutters, as shown in Figs. 3 and 7, placing the tubein position, as shown in Fig. '7, and turning the tube as before, whenthe operation is easily and quickly performed.

The advantages of this device will be apparent. Adjustingand lockingcompass-points in tram in any desired position or distance apart andadding other novel and useful devices to the tram-points, which may beretained upon the compass without interfering with its operation whileit is being used in the ordinary way, and facility of using such novelfeatures by reversing the tram-points end for end and adjusting, asdesired, are of great value and advantage. Many more purposes can beaccomplished by the same tool, while it is just as light, convenient,and cheap as the ordinary compass. The advantage of adjusting thecompass-points to tram is to bring the cutting-wheel perpendicularlydown on the object to be out and thus perform a finer and moresuccessful operation.

Vhile I prefer to apply my glass-tube cutters for cutting the outsideand inside simultaneously to the style of compass and tram here shownand described, and can secure better results by so doing, it is evidentthat they may be applied to other forms of compasses.

What I claim as new and useful, and dcsire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a combination compass and tram, a tram point having glass cuttersmounted at and near its outer end in combination with the other trampoint having a pivotally mounted yoke provided with one or more glasscutters, substantially as described and for the purposes specified.

2. In a combination compass and tram, a tram point provided with apivotally mounted yoke, in combination with the opposite train pointprovided with suitable cutters, substantially as described and for thepurposes specified.

3. In a combination compass and tram, tram points adjustably secured tothe free ends of the compass legs and adapted to be locked inparallelism, or otherwise, one of said points having a cutter mountedupon its side and adapted to cut the inner circumference of a tubesimultaneously with cutters for cutting the corresponding outercircumference thereof, said cutters being mounted in a yoke pivotallysecured to the other tram point, substantially as described.

4:. In a combination compass and tram, the tram points pivotallyadjustable and adapted to be locked in parallelism to each other at anydesired distance apart, the outer end of one tram having a suitablecutter and the outer end of the other tram having the needle point,substantially as described and for the purposes specified.

5. A pivotally mounted yoke E provided with one or more cutters c incombination with a compass point substantially as described and for thepurposes specified.

JOSEPH KOIILER.

Witnesses:

CLARENCE TILNEY CARGILL, JAMES N. RAMSEY.

